§ Data Act · ePrivacy Directive COMPARISON

Data Act vs ePrivacy Directive: Where They Overlap and Conflict

3 overlaps, 1 conflicts and 2 gaps mapped between Data Act and ePrivacy Directive in the Fontvera regulatory corpus.

Summary

Data Act and ePrivacy Directive both apply across European business activity, but they were drafted at different times with different policy goals. This page summarises every article-level crossref between the two in the Fontvera corpus.

3 overlaps mean the same conduct triggers obligations in both regimes — design controls once, document twice. 1 conflicts mean the two regulations push in opposite directions on a specific question. 2 gaps mean one regulation leaves something on a topic the other addresses.

Who this applies to
Compliance teams who need to map a single control framework onto both Data Act and ePrivacy Directive.
Compliance deadline
§ Detail

In depth

Summary statistics

Overlaps: 3 · Conflicts: 1 · Gaps: 2

6 article-level crossrefs catalogued between Data Act and ePrivacy Directive from the Fontvera EU regulatory corpus. Article numbers are verbatim from the underlying obligation_crossrefs table; descriptions are extracted, not paraphrased.

All crossrefs between these regulations

Article (A)Article (B)TypeSeverityDescription
Data Act Art 18ePrivacy Directive Art 5overlapmedium[entity affected: data holder / provider of publicly available electronic communications service] Both regulations require entities handling personal data to implement technical measures (anonymizatio
Data Act Art 19ePrivacy Directive Art 6overlapmedium[entity affected: public sector body / provider of public communications network] Both regulations mandate the erasure of data when it is no longer necessary for the specific purpose for which it was
Data Act Art 19ePrivacy Directive Art 4overlapmedium[entity affected: public sector body / provider of publicly available electronic communications service] Both regulations require the implementation of appropriate technical and organizational measure
Data Act Art 14ePrivacy Directive Art 5conflicthigh[entity affected: data holder / provider of publicly available electronic communications service] The Data Act mandates making data available to public bodies upon request, while ePrivacy strictly pro
Data Act Art ?ePrivacy Directive Art ?gapmedium[entity affected: IoT device manufacturers] Neither regulation explicitly defines the liability or compliance obligations for IoT manufacturers regarding the security of embedded data collection mecha
Data Act Art ?ePrivacy Directive Art ?gaplow[entity affected: Cross-border data intermediaries] There is a lack of clear guidance on how to reconcile the Data Act's requirement for data portability with ePrivacy's strict consent requirements wh

Conflicts explained

The 1 article-level conflicts between Data Act and ePrivacy Directive mean a control that satisfies one can pull the wrong way on the other:

Which regulation takes precedence

EU law does not lay down a universal precedence rule between Data Act and ePrivacy Directive. In practice three resolution approaches apply: lex specialis (the more specific provision wins when both purport to govern the same conduct); regulator guidance (EDPB, EBA, ESMA and the AI Office have all issued joint readings on overlapping articles — check the most recent applicable opinion); and document the choice (when the regulations leave the call to the controller, the audit defence is your written reasoning, not the regulator's silence). Where the corpus surfaces a conflict rather than an overlap, treat that as an escalation path to legal — not a control-design question.

What this means for your compliance team

Treat the 3 overlaps as design opportunities — one control, two regulatory anchors. Treat the 1 conflicts as escalation paths to legal: the regulations themselves don't resolve them, you do, and you document the reasoning. The 2 gaps point at scenarios where one regulation is silent while the other speaks — assume the regulator who has the explicit rule will win.

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§ What Fontvera found

Documents in our corpus

Enforcement data is expanding. AI Act enforcement begins 2 August 2026 — this section will populate automatically as authorities and courts publish decisions citing the regulations covered on this page.
§ Cross-references

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